Буквар з анімаціями: розвиваємо уяву і пам'ять дітей за допомогою мультфільмів
What is a буквар and why is it important for learning?
A буквар (pronounced "book-var") is a type of textbook that teaches children how to read and write in a language that uses the Cyrillic alphabet, such as Bulgarian, Ukrainian, Russian, Serbian, and others. The word буквар comes from the Slavic word буква, which means "letter". A буквар usually contains a series of lessons that introduce the letters, sounds, syllables, words, and sentences of the language in a gradual and systematic way. The goal of the буквар is to help children develop their literacy skills and their love for reading.
The буквар is an important tool for learning because it helps children acquire the basic knowledge and skills that are essential for their further education and personal development. Reading and writing are not only cognitive abilities, but also cultural and social practices that shape our identity, values, and worldview. By using the буквар, children learn not only how to communicate effectively, but also how to appreciate the beauty, diversity, and richness of their language and literature.
буквар
The history and origin of the буквар
The буквар has a long and fascinating history that dates back to the Middle Ages, when the Cyrillic alphabet was created by two Byzantine brothers, Saints Cyril and Methodius, who were missionaries to the Slavic peoples. They devised a new script based on the Greek alphabet, with some additions from other sources, to translate the Christian scriptures and liturgy into the Slavic languages. Their work was continued by their disciples, who spread the Cyrillic alphabet and the Christian faith throughout Eastern Europe and Asia.
The first буквар in Bulgaria
The first known буквар was written in Bulgaria in the 9th century by Saint Clement of Ohrid, one of the disciples of Cyril and Methodius. It was called Азбучен сборник (Alphabetical Collection) and it contained 38 letters, each with a name, a sound, a numerical value, and an example word. It also included prayers, hymns, psalms, proverbs, fables, and other texts that illustrated the use of the letters. The Азбучен сборник was used as a model for other буквари in different Slavic languages.
буквар за први разред
буквар за децу
буквар на латиници
буквар на ћирилици
буквар за предшколце
буквар за странце
буквар за дислексичну децу
буквар за слепу и слабовиду децу
буквар за малу матуру
буквар за велику азбуку
буквар са сликама
буквар са задацима
буквар са играма
буквар са песмама
буквар са причама
буквар са стиховима
буквар са глаголима
буквар са прилозима
буквар са реченицама
буквар са речима
буквар на енглеском језику
буквар на немачком језику
буквар на француском језику
буквар на италијанском језику
буквар на шпанском језику
буквар на руском језику
буквар на кинеском језику
буквар на арапском језику
буквар на турском језику
буквар на грчком језику
онлајн буквар за децу
интерактивни буквар за децу
аудио буквар за децу
видео буквар за децу
анимирани буквар за децу
цртани буквар за децу
забавни буквар за децу
едукативни буквар за децу
креативни буквар за децу
мотивациони буквар за децу
купити буквар за децу онлајн
преузети бесплатан буквар за децу онлајн
прочитати онлајн бесплатан буквар за децу
одштампати онлајн бесплатан буквар за децу
израдити свој онлајн бесплатан буквар за децу
рецензије онлајн безплатних букавра за децу
попуст на онлајн безплатне букавре за децу
новости о онлајн безплатним букаврима за децу
The first буквар in Ukraine
The first буквар in Ukraine was written in the 16th century by Ivan Fedorovych Lysyi, a printer and educator who is considered to be the father of Ukrainian book publishing. It was called Букварь який учит дѣти читати и писати (A Primer that Teaches Children to Read and Write) and it contained 32 letters, each with a name, a sound, a picture, and a rhyme. It also included prayers, catechism, grammar rules, and arithmetic exercises. The Букварь was printed in Lviv in 1574 and it was the first book printed in Ukraine. It was widely used in schools and churches until the 18th century.
The modern буквар in different countries
The modern буквар is a product of the 19th and 20th centuries, when the Cyrillic alphabet underwent several reforms and standardizations in different countries. The буквар also reflected the changes in the educational systems, the literary traditions, and the political and social contexts of the time. For example, the буквар in Soviet Russia was influenced by the ideology of communism and the principles of constructivism, while the буквар in Yugoslavia was influenced by the idea of brotherhood and unity among the different nations. The буквар in modern Bulgaria, Ukraine, Russia, Serbia, and other countries still follows the basic structure and content of the original буквар, but with some variations and adaptations to suit the needs and preferences of the contemporary learners.
The structure and content of the буквар
The structure and content of the буквар are based on the буквар method, which is a phonetic approach to teaching reading and writing. The буквар method consists of three stages: the pre-alphabetic stage, the alphabetic stage, and the post-alphabetic stage.
The pre-alphabetic stage
The pre-alphabetic stage is the first stage of the буквар method, where children are introduced to the concept of written language and its relation to spoken language. They learn to recognize and name different objects, animals, colors, shapes, numbers, etc. They also learn to identify and produce different sounds, such as vowels, consonants, syllables, etc. They develop their visual and auditory perception, their memory, their attention, and their motor skills. They also develop their emotional and social skills, such as curiosity, motivation, cooperation, etc.
The alphabetic stage
The alphabetic stage is the second stage of the буквар method, where children learn to read and write with the help of the alphabet. They learn to associate each letter with its name, sound, shape, and position in a word. They learn to blend sounds into syllables and words, and to segment words into sounds and syllables. They learn to read and write simple words, phrases, sentences, and texts that are relevant to their interests and experiences. They also learn to use punctuation marks, capital letters, spaces, etc. They develop their phonological awareness, their vocabulary, their grammar, and their comprehension skills.
The post-alphabetic stage
The post-alphabetic stage is the third stage of the буквар method, where children learn to read and write with more fluency and accuracy. They learn to recognize and use more complex words, phrases, sentences, and texts that are related to different topics and genres. They learn to apply different strategies and skills to understand and produce different types of texts, such as narrative, descriptive, informative, persuasive, etc. They also learn to analyze, evaluate, and criticize texts from different perspectives and sources. They develop their critical thinking, their creativity, their expression, and their communication skills.
The benefits and challenges of using the буквар
The буквар is a widely used and respected method of teaching reading and writing in many countries that use the Cyrillic alphabet. However, like any other method, it has its benefits and challenges that need to be considered by teachers, parents, and learners.
The advantages of the буквар method
Some of the advantages of the буквар method are:
It is based on the natural and logical progression of learning from sounds to letters to words to sentences to texts.
It is consistent with the structure and features of the Cyrillic alphabet and the languages that use it.
It is systematic and comprehensive, covering all the aspects of reading and writing, from phonetics to semantics to pragmatics.
It is flexible and adaptable, allowing for different levels of difficulty, pace, and style of learning.
It is engaging and motivating, using various types of texts and activities that appeal to the learners' interests and needs.
It is effective and efficient, resulting in high levels of literacy achievement and competence.
The disadvantages of the буквар method
Some of the disadvantages of the буквар method are:
It is time-consuming and demanding, requiring a lot of practice and repetition to master the skills and knowledge.
It is rigid and prescriptive, imposing a fixed order and sequence of learning that may not suit all learners.
It is isolated and artificial, focusing on the isolated elements of language rather than on the meaningful contexts and situations.
It is boring and monotonous, using the same types of texts and activities that may not reflect the diversity and richness of language and literature.
It is outdated and irrelevant, ignoring the changes and developments in the language, culture, and society.
The alternatives to the буквар method
Some of the alternatives to the буквар method are:
The whole language approach, which emphasizes the holistic and functional aspects of language learning rather than the analytic and phonetic aspects. It exposes learners to authentic and meaningful texts and activities that reflect t